ߕ
ɛʑˏආٙतЍ݊મ՟ၾ৷ഃԃၡഐΥٙഄଫdίɽኪ
א
Ӻ
ה
ච
ݬ
уᜡ˂ɨ
ߵ
ʑʘdʘ
ܝ
ீཀኪ͛ʈЪਖ਼ุྼ୦
Optional Practical Training,
OPT
א
ʈЪᖦᗇ
ࠇ
Ͼ͜ʘ
Kapur & Mchale, 2005
f
OPT
މ
ყኪ͛ଭุ
ܝ
ᅲཀನྼ୦
ה
͜dԨ
ڢ
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މ
ኪϓव
ߕ
ʈЪٙจΣiΪϾद່Ը
Ⴍdַᜡ݁ഄึ݊ਖ਼ܸ
H-1B
ʈЪᖦᗇ
ࠇ
d˴၍ዚᗫ
ߕމ
௶ਗᔖุᇖf
༈
ࡈ
ӻӊϋၪܵટ
ڐ
ϵຬ̮ٙኪ͛ɝྤd̬ϋɽኪ
א
Շϋ
Ӻ
၂ה
ɻ
ܝ
dᘩ
ߒن
6
ຬ
5
ɷ
ࡈ
ʈЪᖦᗇৣᕘf̹ఙ
މ
Չɛʑˏආഄଫ
ܝߠ
ٙ
݁ഄᜌ፨dίਗ਼ঐԶ৷ᑚ
א
Ҧஔ೯࢝ዚึٙପุ
א
௶ਗ̹ఙൖ
މ
वʑٙ˴
ࠅ
ᚨਗɢd݁ഄස
ڮމ
ϓყ
ݴ
ਗٙʈՈ
Boeri, Brücker, Docquier, & Rapoport,
2012
fᗫՓ
ܓ
̍ўତБ̹ఙᑚ༟
prevailing wage
͡జeᖦᗇৣᕘeतࣿኪ
ژ
ჯਹᕘ̮ৣᕘν
STEM
d༉
ࠑܝ
ഃண
ࠇ
dޫ̙Ց௶ਗίආБᄆࣸၾᅰඎ
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Ϥᝈʘdִ݁
ژ
Ϊପุઋැᜊቋdί̻ፅପุცӋʿɛఱุτΌϽඎ
ɨdಯˇᖦᗇࣨ೯ᅰͦ͵
ڢ
Ԉd̥݊வᅵٙਂ
ج
ਗ਼ஹਗٙ࿁৷ഃԃிϓᅂᚤf
ᑘԷϾԊd
2003
ϋࣛd
ߕ
уಀՍจ
ۂ
ಯ
H-1B
ᖦᗇࣨ೯ٙᅰͦdՉٜટഐ
؈
݊
ிϓəཞϋ৷ഃԃ၌̮ኪ͛͡ሗɛᅰٙɨࠥf௦ଣʈՇЗኪ٫˺ˢ࿁əՇ
ࡈ
ϋ
ܓ
ٙᅰοd༈ϋ
ܓ
జϽ
SAT
̮ٙᘬኪ͛у࿁Ꮠಯˇ
1.5
Ĉdतйٜ݊ટᅂᚤ
SAT
ʱᅰʞഃʱ௰৷ॴ൷ٙɛᅰʱ̺dഐሞ݊Ϥ၇ࠢՓٙ͏݁ഄਗ਼ʔ࿁ഃٙ
༿˟ኪɢ༰ɓছ
ߕ
ɛ
މ
Գ̮ٙኪ͛ɝኪ
Kato & Sparber, 2013
fϤɓӺഐ
؈
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ߕ
ɛʑˏආၾ৷ഃԃٙ৷
ܓ
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٫ܝ
ɦ݊
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௰ɽ̮ٙිϗɝධ
ͦʘɓdϾఱཀ᜕̘ԸdίԃӻʿପุٙᏀɢɨБ݁
ژ
εΫూࡡ˥
ਞԈྡ
1
fʔཀdͦ
ڭۃ
ςʿІ͟
ݼ
࿁
H-1B
ᖦᗇ
ࠇ
ӻ୕ᏺٙ͜Ꮸী
ɓ
ߧ
Costa, 2017
d
א
Ϟ̙ঐʔ݊০࿁ৣᕘdϾ݊ίБ݁၍ଣɪϞ
ה
ሜ༉
ࠑܝ
f
ߕ
މ
Ң௰ɽٙɛʑіˏήdኋ၍
ڐ
ϋ
ߕࠌ
वኪɛᅰଫࠥν
ڌ
1
dӊ
ϋɛᅰʥί
2
ຬɛɪɨdϋଢ଼˜ྼʊଢ଼ጐᕼɽٙɛʑࢫfϾί
2009
ϋ
ܝ
OPT
ɛᅰɽషᖂʺdᘩৣᕘո֛ٙ
H-1B
ᖦᗇdу
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STEM
Science,
64
